This chapter explores goals 1 and 10 by examining whether the social sustainability enjoyed by sugar industry employees can be maintained given expanding beet production, falling world prices, promotion of healthy diets and the development of sugar alternatives.

SDG target 11.5 is concerned with the impact and reduction of disasters. This chapter advances knowledge on disaster risk reduction, by exploring the health impacts to those survivors living in environments that have been impacted by disaster.

This chapter address SDG 14, life below water, through its review of all techniques available for recycling marine plastic debris.

This chapter addresses SDG targets 6.1, 6.3 and 6.4 through its discussion of monitoring water quality and water reclamation to achieve sustainability.

Addressing SDG 7, this chapter discusses the need to integrate the various renewable energy technologies to meet the ever-increasing demand for energy in West Africa. At the same time it makes connections with SDG 9.

To advance goal 6 (clean water and sanitation), this chapter explores different desalination processes to make seawater drinkable, which is an obvious solution to any water shortages. Given the high-polluting energy required in the desalination process, solar-desalination technologies is considered.

This chapter advances SDGs 7 and 13 by discussing detection methods for fugitive methane and whether these gases can be captured and used for commercial opportunity.

This chapter considers the developments in agricultural technology required to fully achieve SDG 2 (zero hunger) can sometimes be detrimental to the environment. Climate smart technologies are needed.

Green innovations will be significant in reducing climate change impacts and contributing to goals 9 (industry, innovation and infrastructure), 11 (sustainable cities and communities) and 13 (climate action). This chapter considers a number of sustainable and innovative transport and infrastructure options to support these goals.

To advance goal 14 (life below water), age and growth studies have been carried out on fish so that scientists and fisheries can better understand exploitation rates and assess stock levels.