Given that we are halfway to 2030, there is a greater need to accelerate our progress to SDGs. To the data gap, which is still a huge barrier for SDGs, Big Earth Data provide strong support to measure the status and trend of progress. Using Big Earth Data with global data acquisition and analysis capability, China can and should make more contributions to fill the data gap and give more data-driven suggestions for decision-makers for the world’s SDG efforts.

This content aligns with Goal 3: Good Health and Wellbeing and Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure by considering the neuroprotective properties of nutraceuticals such as soy, peanuts, and ginsenoside Rg1.

This chapter advances the UN SDG goals 9 and 13 by discussing the potential of AI tools to advance sustainable urban climate modeling.

Knowledge of biological diversity is a major source of innovation. Collective intellectual property of traditional knowledge by Indigenous peoples and local communities is an important source of innovation and product development. This article investigates collective intellectual property systems on the traditional knowledge of Aspalathus linearis, also known as rooibos—an endemic plant from South Africa which is the basis of an important herbal tea industry. The article discusses how collective action and self-organization can generate collective intellectual property systems; indigenous peoples and local communities can develop these systems to protect their IP; how these systems can promote social justice and a more equitable distribution of benefits but can be sources of dispute between socio-economic groups and communities and can reproduce historical inequalities and power asymmetries.

Advanced energy harvesting techniques are examined for self-sustainable Internet of Things (IoT) devices. This study covers layered architecture design, power requirements at various levels, energy sources, transducers, trackers, storage methods, and optimization strategies for efficient energy utilization.

This research analyzes how socioeconomic and geographical factors influence the development of advanced digital skills in Spain from 2015 to 2021, finding that socioeconomic factors have a greater impact than geographical ones, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study also highlights increased digital skills among employed and unemployed populations, the significance of education and daily internet use, and regional disparities, particularly between Madrid and other areas.

This chapter aligns with Goals 6, 9 and 11 by detailing remote sensing for environmental considerations, water resource management, land use changes on urban heat islands, urban growth modeling and ecological monitoring

The United Nations Global Compact-Accenture Global Private Sector Stock take report report offers an appraisal of private sector contributions to the SDGs so far and outlines a clear pathway for private sector action over the next seven years.

Steel production is a major global carbon emitter, yet its role in meeting climate targets remains underexplored. Our analysis shows deep emission cuts are achievable through rapid mitigation, demand reduction, and carbon capture, offering vital guidance for policymakers and stakeholders in decarbonization planning.