Research, development and commercialisation are three important stages in pharmaceuticals and to advancing goal 3. This chapter explores the role of biophysical characterisation in this process.

Analysis of steam and water losses in the Total Site (TS) utility system is critical in process industry.

A considerable body of work highlights the relevance of collaborative research, contract research, consulting and informal relationships for university-industry knowledge transfer.

What is the best strategy to encourage research and development on new energy technologies in a market economy?